Stealing from the poor

18^th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Luke 12:13-21

The rich man of this Sunday’s Gospel is blessed with a bountiful harvest. Rather than thanking God for this gift, he hoards the grain in his barns – his heart is possessed by his possessions. At the moment of death, the Lord calls him a fool, for he was not rich in what matters to God.

The Fathers of the Church, and St. Thomas Aquinas following them, see in this parable a strong teaching of social justice. Their teachings have in turn been integrated into the Social Doctrine of the Church. Here we will consider St. Thomas’ exposition of the doctrine as well as several important quotations from the Church Fathers.

The common destination of all goods and right to private property

We must first affirm that man has a right to own private property. All men have a natural right to make use of material goods. According to positive human law, men also have a right to private property – this is necessary for the good order of society and the proper care of the goods themselves, it also serves as a means of restraining greed and inciting toward generosity (a man can give alms only if he has some property of his own).

However, it is equally clear in the Church’s Tradition, as expressed by the Fathers of the Church and magisterial teachings, that the right to private property is subordinate to the universal destination of all goods. That is, the right to private property cannot be extended to the point of depriving others of the basic material necessities of life. Every man has the right to the material necessities of life – when he is deprived of these, while another has excess wealth, a grave injustice has occurred.

The Trinity is "Our Father"

17th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Luke 11:1-13

Though it might at first seem odd, we must admit that the “Our Father” prayer refers to the whole Trinity, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit – the Father is “Our Father,” the Son is “Our Father,” and the Holy Spirit is “Our Father.” That being said, “Our Father” refers in a special way to God the Father; not, however, so as to exclude the Son or the Holy Spirit.

First, if you remember your catechism, you will recall that “everything [in the Trinity] is one where there is no opposition of relationship” (Council of Florence, cited in the Catechism of the Catholic Church 255). This means that everything that the Father is, so also is the Son, excepting that he is not the Father. So, as the Father is God, so too the Son is God. As the Father is the Creator, so too the Son is the Creator. Moreover, as the Father is worshiped, so too the Son is worshiped. This means that whenever we pray to the Father, we also pray to the Son and to the Holy Spirit. For the three are equal in all things, excepting that one is the Father of the Son, one is the Son of the Father, and one is the Spirit of the Father and the Son.

What does this mean for us? It means that whatever we say of God the Father, we also must say of God the Son and of God the Holy Spirit (excepting their Trinitarian relations). So, if we pray to God the Father, calling him “Our Father;” we also invoke the Son, calling him “Our Father.” For “Our Father” is first and foremost the Blessed Trinity, who created us and redeemed us.

Still, it is also equally certain that, by a certain fittingness we invoke God the Father in a particular way when we pray, “Our Father.” For, although “the personal relation of the Son to the Father is something man cannot conceive of nor the angelic powers even dimly see … the Spirit of the Son grants a participation in that very relation to us who believe that Jesus is the Christ and that we are born of God” (CCC 2780).

The whole Trinity is “Our Father” and, through the redemption won for us in Christ Jesus, we participate in his Divine Filiation as sons in the Son.

See also, ST I, q.33, a.3 - “Whether this name ‘Father’ is applied to God, firstly as a personal name?”

Reparation in honor of St. Mary Magdalene

As this great saint has been so sorely abused by deceitful and cunning men - whether in the "scholarly world" or in the popular media - it seems fitting that, on her feast day, we should show her some special honor and devotion as a small act of reparation.

Below follows the "Litany to St. Mary Magdalene" which, as you will notice, follows the Latin tradition of identifying her with the penitent woman and with Mary of Bethany.

Litany to St. Mary Magdalene

Lord, have mercy on us. 

Christ, have mercy on us. 

Lord, have mercy on us.

Christ, hear us.

Christ, graciously hear us. 

Holy Mary, Mother of God, Pray for us.

Saint Mary Magdalene, Pray for us.

Sister of Martha and Lazarus, Pray for us. 

Who didst enter the Pharisee's house to anoint the feet of Jesus, Pray for us. 

Who didst wash His feet with thy tears, Pray for us. 

Who didst dry them with thy hair, Pray for us. 

Who didst cover them with kisses, Pray for us. 

Who wast vindicated by Jesus before the proud Pharisee, Pray for us. 

Who from Jesus received the pardon of thy sins, Pray for us. 

Who before darkness wast restored to light, Pray for us.

Mirror of penance, Pray for us.

 Disciple of Our Lord, Pray for us. 

Wounded with the love of Christ, Pray for us. 

Most dear to the Heart of Jesus, Pray for us. 

Constant woman, Pray for us.

Last at the Cross of Jesus, first at His tomb, Pray for us. 

Thou who wast the first to see Jesus risen, Pray for us. 

Whose forehead was sanctified by the touch of thy risen Master, Pray for us.

 Apostle of apostles, Pray for us. 

Who didst choose the "better part," Pray for us. 

Who lived for many years in solitude being miraculously fed, Pray for us. 

Who wast visited by angels seven times a day, Pray for us. 

Sweet advocate of sinners, Pray for us. 

Spouse of the King of Glory, Pray for us.

V. Saint Mary Magdalene, earnestly intercede for us with thy Divine Master

R. That we may share thy happiness in heaven.

Let us pray. May the glorious merits of blessed Mary Magdalene, we beseech Thee, O Lord, make our offerings acceptable to Thee: for Thine only-begotten Son vouchsafed graciously to accept the humble service she rendered. Who livest and reignest with Thee and the Holy Ghost, God for ever and ever. R. Amen.

May the prayers of blessed Mary Magdalene help us, O Lord : for it was in answer to them that Thou didst call her brother Lazarus, four days after death, back from the grave to life. Who livest and reignest with the Father and the Holy Ghost, Unity in Trinity, world without end. R. Amen.

Prayer Source: Kyrie Eleison — Two Hundred Litanies by Benjamin Francis Musser O.F.M., The Magnificat Press, 1944

The Conversion of the Magdalene

 St. Mary Magdalene is often, at least in the Western tradition, connected with the “sinful woman” of Luke 7:36-50. Though she is not named in these verses, St. Luke immediately follows the sinful woman’s conversion story with a list of the women who accompanied the Lord. Among these women is “Mary, called Magdalene, from whom seven demons came out” (Luke 8:2).

Following the Latin tradition, St. Thomas offers to us several interesting aspects of the conversion of St. Mary Magdalene. His words will help us to understand her conversion within the broader context of the spiritual life.

In every case of conversion, several elements are present:

1) The (often hidden) movement of grace which disposes the sinner for conversion.

2) Actual contrition: sorrow for sin, purpose of amendment, and the desire to make satisfaction for sin through penance.

3) Absolution and restoration to grace.

Of course, all these elements are present in the conversion of St. Mary Magdalene, with a special emphasis on the aspect contrition and the relation this has to forgiveness and the restoration to grace. This specific focus is manifest in our Savior’s words in Luke 7:47, “So I tell you, her many sins have been forgiven; hence, she has shown great love.”

The Greatest Vocation

16th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Luke 10:38-42

The episode of Martha and Mary is probably the most well known story of the two women. Moreover, it is also most likely the most well known dinner party our Lord attended (presuming that the wedding feast in Cana was much more than a simple “dinner party”).

The final phrase of the Gospel account – “Martha, Martha, you are anxious and worried about many things. There is need of only one thing. Mary has chosen the better part and it will not be taken from her.” – led many of the Church Fathers, and also St. Thomas Aquinas, to consider the relation between the active and the contemplative lives.

Martha, of course, represents the active life. Mary, the contemplative life. Studying this narrative, theologians have pondered: What is the greatest vocation? I will here present the answer of St. Thomas Aquinas in condensed form, with some small applications to our own day. (See ST II-II, qq.179-184)

Jesus, The Good Samaritan

15th Sunday in Ordinary Time, Luke 10:25-37

The Parable of the Good Samaritan contains the narrative of salvation history, beginning with the Fall of Adam and continuing through the founding of the Church even until the Second Coming of our Savior and the Day of Judgment.

The following interpretation is based on the Catena Aurea of St. Thomas Aquinas (Luke 10:29-35).

Jesus replied,
"A man fell victim to robbers
as he went down from Jerusalem to Jericho. 

A man, this refers to Adam (the name means man). Fell victim to robbers, this is the fall of Adam, which was hastened by the temptation of the evil one. Likewise, all who have sinned since Adam, fall to the temptation of Satan and his wicked angels who are robbers. Adam is said to have fallen as he went down from Jerusalem to Jericho, for Jerusalem is a symbol of paradise, Jericho a symbol of the fallen world. Jerusalem is a sign of sinless-ness and immortality, Jericho signifies mortality and death. Adam first turned away from God, thus he was unable to resist the temptations of the evil one.

The Legacy of Pope Benedict: Governing

Continuing our celebration of Pope Benedict's fifth anniversary as Supreme Pontiff, we conclude our three-part reflection with some thoughts on Pope Benedict's exercise of the munus regendi. The task of the Bishop of Rome is to "confirm the brethren" in the Faith, building up the unity of the Body of Christ through fraternal and paternal charity. In this regard, the quest for ecclesial unity is of primary importance. Pope Benedict has made ecumenism a top priority of his pontificate, reaching out to the Lefebvrists with Summorum Pontificum and reaching out to the Anglicans with Anglicanorum coetibus. In these immense gestures of fraternal generosity, the Holy Father has made it very easy for these separated brethren to receive the gift of Catholic unity. Pope Benedict has also distinguished himself in his efforts to clean up the "filth" in the Church (as he put it) with regards to the clerical sexual-abuse scandals in Europe. His Letter to the Church in Ireland is particularly poignant in this regard, as is his disciplinary action towards the Legionaries of Christ. Despite attempts to besmirch his name, Pope Benedict remains above reproach in the fight against this contemporary scourge. These and all the efforts of the Holy Father in his governance of the Church are animated primarily by his personal holiness and love for the Church. In this, he is also a Pope who leads more by example than by fiat. It will be important going forward for Catholics, attuned to his governance of the Church, to pay close attention to that example, especially as regards the celebration of the Sacred Liturgy.